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Hydrocele testis The right, exposed by laying open the. (Tunica vaginalis is labeled at upper right.) A hydrocele testis is an accumulation of clear fluid in the, the most internal of membranes containing a. A primary hydrocele causes a painless enlargement in the on the affected side and is thought to be due to the defective absorption of fluid secreted between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis (investing membrane). A secondary hydrocele is secondary to either inflammation or a in the testis.

A usually occurs on one side, but can also affect both sides. The accumulation can be a marker of,, or surgery, but the cause is generally unknown. Indicates increased risk of hydrocele. [ ] A hydrocele is normally seen in infant boys, as an enlarged scrotum.

In infant girls, it appears as enlarged. However, hydroceles are more common in boys than girls.

Contents • • • • • • • Signs and symptoms [ ] A hydrocele feels like a small fluid-filled balloon inside the. It is smooth, and is mainly in front of the testis. Hydroceles vary greatly in size and are typically painless and harmless. However, as the fluid continues to accumulate and the scrotum further enlarges, more discomfort can be expected. Large hydroceles will cause discomfort because of their size. Sometimes pain can be in both testicles as pressure from the enlarged area puts pressure against the unaffected area which can cause discomfort to the normal testicle.

It has also been found to decrease a man's sex drive and makes him less active for fear of enlarging the mass. As the fluid of a hydrocele is transparent, light shone through the hydrocelic region will be visible from the other side. This phenomenon is called transillumination. Symptoms of a hydrocele can easily be distinguished from, as a hydrocele is soft and fluid-filled, whereas testicular cancer feels hard and rough. Fertility [ ] A hydrocele testis is not generally thought to affect fertility.

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However, it may be indicative of other factors that may affect fertility. [ ] Cause [ ] During, the descends through the, drawing a diverticulum of into the as it descends. This peritoneal tissue is known as the. Normally, the communication between the processus vaginalis and the peritoneum is obliterated, and the is the tissue that remains overlying the testis and the.

Congenital hydrocele results when the processus vaginalis remains patent, allowing fluid from the peritoneum to accumulate in the scrotum. Diagnosis [ ]. Communicating hydrocele, caused by the failure of the closure.

Through diagnostic the accumulation of fluids can be diagnosed correctly. Treatment [ ] The fluid accumulation can be drained by, but this may be only temporary.

A more permanent alternative is a surgical procedure, generally, an outpatient ambulatory (same-day) procedure, called a hydrocelectomy. There are two surgical techniques available for hydrocelectomy. Hydrocelectomy with Excision of the Hydrocele Sac Incision of the hydrocele sac after complete mobilization of the hydrocele. Partial resection of the hydrocele sac, leaving a margin of 1–2 cm.

Care is taken not to injure testicular vessels, epididymis or ductus deferens. The edge of the hydrocele sac is oversewn for hemostasis ('s technique) or the edges are sewn together behind the spermatic cord (Winkelmann's or Jaboulay's technique). Hydrocele surgery with excision of the hydrocele sac is useful for large or thick-walled hydroceles and multilocular hydroceles.